The construction industry is responsible for 37% of global CO₂ emissions, with cement and steel as major contributors. Cement alone accounts for 8% due to its energy-intensive processes. HBV modules, combining timber (a renewable carbon sink) and concrete, offer durability and sustainability. However, challenges like lifecycle emissions, transportation logistics, and low-emission material integration persist. ERNE AG Holzbau and FHNW partnered to analyze these issues and develop strategies to align HBV modules with climate goals and carbon-neutral practices.

The study used a data-driven approach to assess HBV modules’ carbon footprint. Lifecycle emissions were analyzed from raw material sourcing to integration. Timber’s carbon sequestration, concrete’s emission intensity, steel and glue production impacts were quantified. Case studies, including Suurstoffi BF1 and Betriebsgebäude Bio Familia, highlighted the practical use of HBV modules. A CO₂ Footprint Calculator was developed to estimate and optimize project-specific emissions. A Value Stream Analysis identified inefficiencies in production processes, offering actionable improvements.

Concrete production accounted for 68% of HBV module emissions, with cement contributing 570 kg CO₂ per ton and steel 1.7 kg CO₂ per kg. Timber helped offset emissions, storing up to one ton of CO₂ per cubic meter. Transportation was another major factor, especially for heavy materials. The study’s outcomes included a CO₂ Footprint Calculator, project-specific emission assessments and recommendations of reductions through low-emission materials, renewable energy use, and optimized logistics. Case studies confirmed HBV modules’ scalability for sustainable construction. The Value Stream Analysis highlighted areas for improvement, including waste reduction and energy efficiency in production. Key recommendations include using supplementary cementitious materials, replacing steel with basalt rebar, and sourcing locally to reduce transport emissions. These findings enhance ERNE AG Holzbau’s market position, support climate goals, and improve efficiency, reinforcing its role as a leader in sustainable construction.